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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (July 6, 1901)
THE MORNIKG OREGONIAN. SATUKDAY, JULY 6, 1901. it i s 1 J EnWed at the Postofflce at Portland, Oregon, T as econd-clas matter. 4 TELEPHONES. Editorial Booms! 100 1 Business Office. ..087 f REVISED SUBSCRIPTION KATES. By Mall postage prepaid). In Advance Dally, with Sunday, per month $ S5 Daily. Sunday excepted, per year 7 50 Dally, -with Sunday, per year 9 00 Sunday, per year -. 2 00 The "Weekly, per year 1 W The Weekly S months BO To City Subscribers Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays excepted.lOe Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays laduded.20c POSTAGE RATES. United States. Canada and Mexico: JO to 16-page paper.... ..............lc 16. to 32-page paper...... .....2a Foreign rates double. JKews ot discussion Intended for publication In The Oregonlan should be addressed Invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan," not to the name of any individual. Letters relating to advertis ing, subscriptions or to any business matter should be addressed simply "The Oregonlan." The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories from Individuals, and cannot' undertake to re turn any manuscripts sent to It without solici tation. No stamps should be Inclosed .for this purpose. Paget Sound Bureau Captain A. Thompson, office at 1111 Pacific avenue.iTacoma. Box 055, "Xacoma Postoffice. Eastern .Business Office 13, U, it, T. 48. -& Tribune building, New York City; 460 "The Rookery," Chicago: the S. C, Beckwlth special agency. Eastern representative. For sale In San Francisco by J. K. Cooper, ltd Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Gold smith Bros.. 230 Sutter street; F. WT. Pitts; ,1008 Market street: Foster & Orear, Ferry mews stand. For isle In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner. 259 So. Spring street, and Oliver Haines, 100 feo. Spring street. t For 'sale in Chicago by the P. O. Iffews Co., Kit Dearborn street. For sale In Omaha by Sarkalow Bros., 1612 Farnam street. For sale In Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Ca. 77 "W. Second South street. For sale In Ogden by W. C.Klnd, 204 Twenty-fifth-street. On file at Buffalo. N. T.. In the Oregon ex hlblt at the exposition. For sajo in "Washington, D. C, by the Ebbett House newstand. For sale In Denver. Colo., by Hamilton & Kendrickl 000-012 Seventh street. . 1 TODAY'S "WEATHER Fair and continued warm, northwesterly winds. YESTERDAY'S WEATHER-Maxlmum tem perature, SO; minimum temperature, M; pre cipitation, 0.00. PORTLAND,. SATURDAY, JULY O, 1001, fc DEVELOP THE PHILIPPINES. The cost of the war waged by the United States against Spain, and sub sequently against the Philippine insur gents, is estimated, at $500,000,000. It is obvious that at least half of this, and probably more than half, must be charged up against the operations in the Islands. The purchase price was $20,000,000 o begin with, and If we add the enorntous outlay for maintaining an Army of 50,000 men there for near ly three yiars, the further losses sus tained bygeath and injury to soldiers, thJjGKtional administrative expenses ' -both at Washington, and Manila, the legacy of pensions already assuming considerable proportions. etc.. the ex- ilbi't. If we look only at the debit side ot the account, reaches proportions lit tle .short of appalling. There are two things to be said ccn cernirg this heavy cost of the Philip pines. One is that the task of improv- 'Ing; waste or backward regions always palls heavily upon the people under taking it. India, Africa, Australia, .America and great portions ot country nave awauuweu w sums, spent ki development sh of this money has been ir as its original owners are Huge blocks of capital have seen- wiped out ot existence, ly in South Africa, Chile and the ine, but even In American rail- is and irrigation enterprises, and in skan mines. Somebody eyentually iflts. but the nloneers in the invest ed lose; and in any -case the burden SSrne by government is apt to be. a Iheivy price, paid for the .privilege of r expansion, donated to the future dwell ers' In the improved regions, whether natives there or immigrants from the ajbquiring country. The second Important thing about the fcostly acquisition of the Philippines Is Ithat we must take steps to make the most of our Investment The Islands tqntaln Immense tracts of very rich flird needing the intelligent cultivator, idines awaiting the pick, and forests ready for the lumberman. It is right ,&nd necessary that these resources should be utilized. The lands must be put at the disposal of settlers from the United States, and under proper regu lations the mines and forests must be ppened up tc American enterprise. The false' patriotism that trembles at the y extension of American sovereignty and ' deprecates the entrance of American capital and muscle into the Philippines must "be put aside, and we must reso lutely pursue the course best calculat ed to advance our prosperity and make all possible advantages accrue from iour new possessions. The islands must lot be iniqultously exploited by Gov ernment-aided and plundering corpora- Ions; DUt within just limits American industry and talent must have free scape. Nobody is going to Invest money or labor in those distant regions unless he sees, a chance to make money at it No one should be deluded by a false sentlmentallsm into thinking that de velopment of the Philippines by Amer ican Inventive and organizing genius will injure the native races. In a broad way it is true that, where races clash, the weaker must go down; but this is a case In which the welfare of the na tive races may and should be enhanced by the American administration. To live forever In his primitive and back ward state Ib not a prerogative which the Tagal need cling to with despera tion or release with regret Relief from brigandage and assurance of regularity In food, clothing, employment and oc cupations will make existence far bet ter for him than ever before. He will be rescued from the friars on the one iand and organized bands of mountain assassins on the other. His products 3vill find markets opened here on terms infinitely more favorable than those of the Spanish regime or those he could Mmself acquire as an Independent gov ernment under our protective tariffs. Engineering, sanitation, mining, lum bering and agricultural undertakings jut on foot by Americans will supply hint Jinllmited employment at increas ing rates of pay and immeasurably up lift "his Condition. Development of the Philippines that Is best tor Americans -will also "be bes't for the Filipinos. No true American, mindful of his Ipountry's heroic history and high tra nsitions, can wish to see any fate meted nit to these, our proteges of the far iclflc, rescued from Spanish oppres- and domestic anarchy, linconsis- ltb their highest welfare, prog- td happiness. But within these is nevertheless & right and ffty to &dplnlitr th co- nomlc conduct of the Islands. As a business proposition It must be met in a business way. Our Investment is a heavy one, and it must be made to pay. The same inventive skill, efficient trained labor and daring capital that have put the United States in the front rank of producing peoples must be en couraged to transplant themselves to the Philippine lands, forests and mines, even as England's kings gave char ters to our colonial ancestors, and Uncle Sam peopled the West with his homestead and pre-emption laws. There are vast tracts of idle govern ment land in the Philippines that might advantageously be given as farms and homes to the veterans of the Spanish "War. NOT GAGE, BUT HIS ACCUSERS. The trouble with us at Russian ports is not Secretary Gage at all, but the antiquated and obnoxious Dingley law, and that Is just the trouble with us everywhere else. Our whole economic attitude to the rest of the world is un friendly and predatory. "We have come, most of us, to think with the Philadelphia manufacturers and Presi dent McKInley that we want the mar kets of the world and must adopt the necessary means to get them; but our acts do not at all comport with this Idea. On the contrary, we continue to follow the teachings of the paleozoic American Economist and "Speeches and Addresses: By William McKInley. New Tork: 1894."" The present hue and cry against Sec retary Gage looks very much like an effort of the tariff spoilsmen to take revenge upon him for his honorable record as to the civil service and the currency. He was for gold when the machine politicians were for pleasing the sliver men, and until his recent truckling to Senator Lodge he has al ways stood for honesty and fitness In appolnthients. Now this same tribe of politicians want to unload upon him the uuium ot ine larni. law uiey ineiiitseivea have made. They want the foreign markets for the exporters, but they are not willing to pay the price in reduced tariffs. They want to please the steel and implement trusts, but they fear to offend the sugar trust They are for freer trade for our products into Russia, but they want to achieve that without offering any freer trade into our ports for the products of Rus sia. So it suits them to berate Sec retary. Gage for doing what the Ding ley law orders him to do. It cLtnes with poor grace from the ruling faction of a Congress that has continued the Dingley tariff, passed the Porto Rico act and repudiated the reciprocity treaties contemplated in-the Dingley law that they complain now of the logical consequences of the course they have themselves laid down. The fact is that our whole economic attitude to the rest of the world has got to be changed. We complain of Russian discrimination and German discrimination and French discrimina tion, when the fact is that we have ourselves set out like Don Quixote on our Rozlnante tariff bill, with lance in rest at every producing nation on the face of the earth, Including our own poor little Porto Rico and the fertile Philippines. The Dingley law stands like a club over foreign trade at very port under the American flag. Whether It is Ger man sugar or French wines or India silks or Chinese tea or Japanese mat ting, we put a. penalty upon every man who would like to do business with us and part'wlth the proceeds of his labor to ua that he may be fed with our wheat and warmed wilh our cotton and wool and carried on our locomotives and bicycles. It is we from whom the offense comes, and if we want trade with Europe or Asia or South America we must open our ports to fairer trade or else we have no moral right to com plain of reprisals. Lower tariffs are the thing to cut the ground from under De Witte at St Petersburg and agra rians Jn Germany and Goluchowskl at Vienna. "It is in a way lamentable, but also reassuring, that at last the great pro tected corporations are divided as to their interests in this matter. Boons that the masses of producers seeking markets And consumers paying taxes can ask for an infinite time In vain, may be vouchsafed the great industrial manufacturing trusts when once they see clearly how necessary to their sales abroad the reduction of duties has be come. Nobody Is for tariff reform be cause it is just and right, but the Sen atorial clique that writes tariffs for Havemeyer and Oxnard is likely to hear from the steel and Implement kings with words of suggestion, per haps of command, possibly of men ace. Funds will be needed in 1902 and 1904. How shall we approach the manufacturers for contributions with out a promise at least to keep them no longer under oppressive and powerful ly retroactive burdens on their foreign trade? THE SAILOR AS HE IS. These are piping times of peace down on the Portland water front, and with no legislative session Impending and no ships waiting for sailors, the much discussed question as to how the deep water sailor should be treated can now be viewed with ease from an unpreju diced standpoint. In another column appears an interesting article on the British sailor. The- authority quoted, Mr. Frank T. Bullen, through his long experience before the mast and behind the mast, has had exceptional facilities for studying the sailor, and the con clusions drawn by him carry excep tional weight Periodically a howl goes up in this city, as well as in other Pa cific Coast ports, over the alleged in iquities which are practiced on the men before the mast Well-meaning but im practical individuals rush Into print with communications and seek to en list newspapers in the cause of drunken ne'er-do-wells who, individually or col lectively, stand forever in the way of all movements for the betterment of their own welfare. The Oregonlan has always contended that reincarnation of the sailor is the only true solution for the sailor-abuse question, and that It Is practically im possible to do anything with the sailor so long as he refuses to do anything for himself. For taking this view of the matter the paper has been sub ject to criticism and the port has been maligned, not only by some of our own people, but by foreign papers. London Falrplay, the organ of the British ship owners, has been sharpest In its criti cism of the treatment extended to sailors in this- port and in comment ing on Mr. Bullen's opinion of the British sailor that paper has this to say; Exceptions, no doubt, there may he, but as a rule it is only steady men who care for reg ular service. For the majority, a short voy- Lk. pert, aM a aulck-cowtsr drunken spree possess greater attractions. Consular re ports have testified to this over and over again, but no report that I am aware of tes tifies to any diminution of drunkenness In the British sailor as he Is, whatever glamour may be thrown over him by politician., philan thropists, novelists and newspaper men. Where the disposition to drink exists, whether the man's money Is earned on sea or on shore, and whether the pay Is large or small. It Will find Ks way to the publican, and through him to the brewer. Thirty years of board schools, and more than thirty years of coddling by the Board of Trade, and still the leopard has not changed his spots, or Mr. Bullen, friendly as he Is to sailors, could not hae said what he has said. - This comment on the British tar, who is "a soaring soul" only in comic opera and among sentimental landsmen, in dorses The Oregonian's position on the matter, and sets forth in concise form the true reason for all of the sailor abuses which have' been practiced In this and other Pacific Coast ports. Finding a reason for the evil is less difficult than securing a remedy, and Falrplay aptly remarks that as a leop and will not change its spots. It might be well to secure an animal -without spots. For this reason the employment of a better class of boys and men is advocated. The wonderful Increase In steam and sail vessels Is opening up a big field for employment, and the emoluments of well-directed efforts in this field are better than in many of the crowded avenues of industry on shore. Any movement that will tend to improve the grade of men who sail the ships that carry the world's com merce should have the hearty support of all who believe in the dignity of labor. The drunken sallqr, who has dis graced himself and his profession, has steadily refused the aid which has been extended him, and he should now be thrown overboard to make room for more worthy men and boys. Cruel mates at sea and unscrupulous boarding-house men on shore have undoubt edly handled the typical tar pretty roughly at times, but the more inti mate one becomes with him, the strong er becomes the belief that he never re ceived a "blow amiss, and that for his prostitution and degradation of a good calling he has forfeited the right to the friendship of his fellow-man. AMERICAN HISTORY AND JOnN FISKE. In the death of John Fiske, America loses in his prime a man of solid fame In both the United States and Great Britain as a scientist and historian Before he was 30 years of age, Mr. Fiske in 1S71 arrived at the discovery of the causes ot the prolonged infancy of mankind and the nart played by it In detaining human development. The importance of this contribution was immediately recognized by Darwin and Herbert Spencer. When Fiske vis ited London in 1873 he was warmly wel comed by Spencer, Tvho Introduced him to his famous friends, Darwin, Huxley and Tyndall. With Huxley Mr. Fiske became intimate, and always took Sun day dinner with the great agnostic and his family; Here Mr. Fiske met Lecky, Green, Romanes, Frederic Harrison and Hooker, the great botanist, so that be fore he was 40 years of age John Fiske was welcomed as a scientific "man and brother" by the greatest naturalists and philosophers of England. While Fiske confessed that he loved Huxley TYith an affection little short of idolatry, nevertheless his last words concerning that great man lead us to believe that Mr. Fiske was not an agnostic, as Hux ley was, with regard to the belief in an immortal" soul. Huxley was not a materialist, but his position with re gard to immortality was agnostic, with a slight but reluctant leaning 'toward the negative. Huxley expressed a high er regard for the great English skeptic, Hume, than for Kant, whom Fiske held to be the greatest philosopher. The warm friendship which was maintained between Fiske and Huxley from 1873 until Huxley's death In 1895 proves the high scientific quality of the American philosopher's mind, for Huxley was too bold, brilliant and blunt a man to make a lifelong friend of anybody that was not bound to "him by ties of common sympathy and knowledge both in things scientific and spiritual. But it is as a historian that Mr. Flske won and kept his highest place in the esteem of the Intelligent Ameri can public When he first began to devote himself to themes In American history, some twenty-five years ago, Bancroft was regarded as our best man, but men of keen literary vision lamented Ills mechanical .style, which lacked not only the brilliancy of Macau lay, but the simple beauty and strength of Green. Emerson shrewdly said of Bancroft; "His style is too mechan ical; it enslaves. He never lifts him self oft his feet; he has no lift in him. Marble Is nothing but crystallized lime stone. Bancroft, Prescott and Motley in their style never get out ot the lime stone condition." Emerson did not, of course, apply this criticism to Park man, but Parkman's theme's were not drawn from the annals ot the United States; the French in Canada, the In dian rising of Pontlac, were the sub jects of Parkman's historical writing. There was a fine and extensive op portunity for the creation of full his tories of particular episodes written up thoroughly and with greater full ness of detail than is found In Ban croft. Mr. Fiske recognized his op portunity, and by admirable work proved himself equal to the occasion. He contributed fine historical sketches of the American Revolution to the At lantic Monthly; he wrote the history of colonial Virginia for the same maga zine. He wrote with simplicity and strength; his political judgment was sound, and his historic vision broad and clear. - Since his first work In this direction, younger men have worked the same vein; "but with the exception of Henry Adams and Professor McMaster, their books do not compare In value of ma terial or excellence of execution with the work of John Fiske. In only one field of American history did Mr. Fiske fail to produce work of permanent value. His lectures and books on the history of our great Civil War have been successfully Impeached as so de ficient in accuracy as to be untrust worthy authority In schools. Fur thermore, Mr. Fiske, never writes of military operations with spirit or un derstanding. Of the art of war he evi dently knew little, and cared less, for his military criticisms are often stu pid, even when his historical narrative is correct His historical lectures on the Civil War were evidently written as hack work, as mere pot-boilers, and they are unworthy of his best fame. Among Mr. Flske's minor productions was an article in ridicule of the so called Baconian theory of the author ship of Shakespeare's plays, a bit of very good work, a timely exposure of the utter historical barrenness of the assumption that Shakespeare was mere ly Bacon wearing a mask, To the American literature of historical In struction and entertainment Mr. Flske was the best contributor after Park-man. Fourth of July patriotism seems to have taken a new lease of life or to have had a sudden awakening, judg ing from the zest with which the day was celebrated at home and. abroad. With Minister Wu Ting Fang eulo gizing liberty in the city that cradled it, and extolling American institutions as destined to show mankind what a free and Independent people can do; with cheers for the President of the United States and Old Glory that made a banquet hall in London ring again, And the American flag mingling its folds with the trlcolored banner of the French Republic in Paris, the same breath of patriotism stirring them both; with our new-found people of Porto Rico awakening to the signifi cance of the day, and with every city and hamlet in this country burning its quota of red light and exploding more than its quota of firecrackers and eloquence, it may be said that the Nation's birthday was celebrated more widely and generously than usual. Even the intense heat in St. Louis did not stop the celebration there, or in the least tame the spirit that urged it on. All things and places considered, the observances of the day were such as to gratify Amer ican pride and stimulate American pa triotism. Later we shall have our Thanksgiving occasion, but this was one of exultation only, in which every American felt himself a Prince, and every Prince a King in his own right. National agitation in behalf of Little Whirlwind, the Indian who murdered a crippled sheepherder on a Montana range In 1897, has been successful, and he was last week set free by pardon from the penitentiary at Deer Lodge. The petitions for his pardon were sup ported by prominent men and women, officials of the Federal Government and of states on the ground, backed by sympathy, that the evidence did not warrant the verdict. He was pardoned, it is said, on technical grounds, a legal flaw in the proceedings having been discovered. There Is little doubt that he was accessory to the murder, but since others, implicated had gone free. It was held that he should be treated with equal leniency. Pardons asked on this basis are not peculiar to Mon tana, nor are they asked exclusively for Indians. It may be justly held, however, that, whether they are thus asked of the Governor of Montana, of Oregon, or of any other state, they can hardly be said to be grounded either in judicial wisdom or wise pub lic policy. Though reported convalescent by her physician, Mrs. McKInley still con tinues in so feeble a state that the President rarely leaves her side, and never except upon an Imperative call of public duty. He spent the Fourth of July, as he has spent nearly all other days since their return from the Pacific Coast, In her chamber. To all who know of her condition, the Presi dent's wife is not only a frail, but a fading woman, the tenure of whose life, though it may run for months or years, is uncertain, and includes no possibility of restoration to health. The funeral of the late Governor Fili gree of Michigan, will take place in Detroit today. The body reached the fcapltal yesterday, where It lay In state throughout the day and. was viewed by thousands. Such honors as attest the faith of the people in the sincerity of Ms intentions as a political reformer will be shown to- the body of Governor Plngree an empty form of honor at best, but such as human, beings baf fled by death are wont to show. Those persons who failed to enjoy the cool and showery weather of June will, It may be hoped, find the fervid touch of Summer now at hand delightful. Strange as It may seem, however, the stereotyped salutation, "Is not this dreadful?" (referring to the weather) falls from the lips of the same persons who used it throughout June. The re sult of habit, probably, but of a very silly and tiresome one. Mr. Flske's best historical labor is contained in his "Discovery of Amer ica." It punctured many pretty bub bles of historical romance and set out the life history of early man In both hemispheres with clearness and accu racy that have never been surpassed. Professor Fiske was a great opponent of Joseph Cook, whom he showed up with fine spirit and commendable zeal. It Is a pleasure to think that he lived long enough to see that eminent char latan taken at his true value. Manila Without the Canteen. Manila Times. A Lieutenant of the Twenty-seventh In fantry stationed at Santa Mesa, in writ ing to a friend in New York City about the practical effects following the aboli tion of the Army canteen, says: "You understand how the canteen is run. No whisky has ever been sold In them, beer and light wines being the only drinks on tap, and these cost the soldier less than if bought from outsiders. All the profits are divided among the companies for mess funds. The amount sold to each man Is limited, and he must drink it on the canteen premises. "The grog shops around our forts are usually kept by women. They sell the worst sort of 'fireworks' and encourage absence without leave. The soldier Is fined, gets drunk again, deserts, is cap tured, and sent to prison and the woman gets the profits. The natives here sell blno' at 10 cents per canteenful. The men prefer beer, but, having no canteens, drink this. Nine-tenths of the men who have deserted to the enemy, who have been boloed on the road, and who have gone home sick or Insane, were 'blno' fiends. It lures you like absinthe, and is much more deadly." "Wanted Sound Money. Chicago Chronicle. An American ship was refused passage through the Suez Canal because she of fered American gold for tolls, which it was ruled "cannot be paid in a fluctuat ing coinage." The Oriental tollmaster had evidently heard that Mr. Bryan was nom inated for President on a fluctuating coin age platform, and has not yet learned that the American people will have nothing to do with an uncertain currency standard. He has also learned by this time that American gold Is not a fluctuating coin age. ' To the President. New York Press. The excuse for failure to remove such open violators of the civil service law as the Postmaster of Philadelphia and the Internal Revenue Collector of Louisville, to say nothing of the Collector of the Port of New York?, is apparently that public opinion condne offenses of this cnarac ter. TRUSTS AND THE MAN. Springfield Republican. Professor W. G. Sumner, of Yale, writing In his usually trenchant style, contributes a discussion of the trust question to the New York Journal of Commerce". He be lieves that this process of concentration In industry is natural, and Is making for a larger and larger efficiency In wealth production. He has a profound regard for the element of superintendence in indus try, and thinks that a capable business manager Is of more Importance to the In dustrial community than any number of mer,e laborers. The Industrial army de pends for success upon its leadership no less than a military army, and it is out of the development of a larger Individual ca pacity for Industrial leadership that the present concentration movement' grows. This last claim may be sound. It? Is a view that has found little expression. Pro fessor Sumner say3 that th Erie railroad was crippled durlns the first 20 years of its existence from the difficulty of finding a man who could manage 400 miles of rail road. Now men exist or must exist' who can manage 10.000 miles or more of road. Our own impression Is that the troubles of the Erie road arose chiefly from a too prevalent notion that railroads wero prop er subjects of private loot. But Professor Sumner proceeds: "A. T. Stewart won his position and for tune because he was Vhe first merchant who proved himself competent to organize and manage a comprehensive mercantile enterprise. Cornelius Vanderbllt was the first man who saw the advantage of con solidating railroads under united control. The department stores of today and the railroads of today make Stewart's store and Vanderbllt's railroads appear very smair. Many people nowadays are greatly alarmed at the 'vast wealth of Individuals' and the 'gigantic aggregations of capital.' If no political disturbance arises, he who lives 25 years longer will sea Industrial combinations to which the 51,000.000,000 steel trust will be a baby, and he will see men whose wealth will surpass that of Carnegie and Rockefeller as much as the wealth of these latter surpasses that of the first Astor or A T. Sl'ewart. What of it? That seems to be the question of the day. Legislators, educators, politicians and publicists are apparently all eagerly ask ing the question, What shall we do In view of these facts? The first counter question is, Why do you want to do any thing?" On the contrary, it might be urged with much plausibility that there ha3 been no advance In the natural capacity of the in dividual In any sphere of activity, but that the actual development of greater man agerial ablllry operating successfully on a larger and larger scale la due rather to the rise of favoring conditions for which the whole Industrial body Is responsible, rather than any one man or set of man. Napoleon is not known to have been capa ble of directing effectively a larger army than Caesar could effectively direct. Mr. Wanamaker Is not known to possess greater genius in mercantile affairs rhan A. T. Stewart, or Stewart than the New York or Boston merchant ot ISOO, who sent? out his ships to all parts of the world, though Mr. Wanamaker's business as far surpasses that of Stewart as Sttewart's did that of the merchant of the last years of the 18th century. Henco arises the suspicion that the trust and 10,000-mlle railroad manager of the duy is a public creaWon rather than an indi vidual creation, and owes vastly more to the industrial community than he does to himself. But, however this may be, the existence of trusts proves nothing respect ing an enlarged capacity of individual management, either naturally or extVane ously acquired. The average trust, In deed, betrays a profound distrust In any such basis of advantage. It refuses to rely upon It at all. It resorts almost In variably to artificial means to maintain ifcielf against the competition of smaller capitals. Even, the Standard Oil trust, hav ing the Incalculable advantage of dealing In a product of limited natural supply, em; ploys the discriminating railroad rate, the prlce manipulation, the boycott, and some times, it has been said, fhe bludgeon or weapons akin to this, to maintain Its mo nopoly and kill off attempted competition. Where is the proof in this of a greater ca pacity for Industrial captaincy In Mr, Rockefeller than was to be found in Gould and Fisk in the early days of Erie? The sugar trust has resorted to the rebate and boycott method in connection with the distributive trade, and still has failed to beat off effective competition. The same is true with the tobacco and many other trusts. The protective customs tariff, the discriminating railroad rate, the reckless buying up of new competing enterprises tt maintain a merely temporary position of advantage, and the employment of other devices of a strained and artificial charac terall these elements are regarded by the trusts at least as of vastly more import ance to their existence than any theory respecting an economy of production in creasing directly with Increase In the size of plant. So long as this Is true the public has a right to question the entire legitimacy ot the trust creations of the time or the soundness of such assumptions as that of Professor Sumner that the Individual for tunes won thereby are being fairly earned. The community is thus justified in de manding that! at least all artificial advan tages be swept away from under the trusts before final judgment Is passed re specting their economic right to exist, and within what limitations. As matters stand, nothing haB been proved by the trusts as to the economy ot consolidation expanding without limit, or to the appear ance of new and unheard-of Individual in dustrial genius entitled to correspondingly larger rewards as contrasted with the gains of the common crowd. Vale, Imperialism. New York-'Tribune. Ex-Senator Pugh, of Alabama, Is the latest Southern Democrat of prominence to declare that "imperialism," the Kan sas City platform's "paramount" Issue, will never do service In a second Presi dential campaign. But he under-rates the versatility of Democratic platform mak ers If he imagines that the miscarriage of 1900 will seriously embarrass, the resolu tions committee of the next Democratic National Convention, to which is confided the duty of discovering an equally new and "paramount" rallying cry for the strugglo of 1901. . A Just Offlclal. Washington Star. Commissioner Evans has administered the duties of his office most intelligently and honestly. There has been no reason for any other course on his part The President is an old soldier, and would not have tolerated injustice toward his com rades in one of his appointees. In addi tion to this sentiment is the law, and that compels such treatment of tho old soldiers as makes hundreds ot thousands of them more comfortable than are the worn and deserving veterans of any other nation In the world. Still for HlRk Tariff. Kansas City Star. Those who hope or fear that President McKInley Is about to proclaim radical tariff reduction sentiments are not likely to realize their expectations for a good many years to come. The President has doubtless changed his views eomewhat'on tho subject of high "protection, and he may reiterate his already advanced reci procity views; but he is not likely to be mistaken for a freetrader. Texas Edltor Terr Decided Opinion McKlnney Gazette. The devil hates a hypocrite; so does the Gazette. There are a few hypocritical scoundrels In this old town, who wilt go In the back door of a saloon and In the front door of a meeting house, that are as sure to go to h 1 as a dime will buy a ginger cake. Some people won't like this talk, but It' th whole truth. ' BRYAN'S IMPERIAL ORDERS. New York Times. Mr. W. J. Bryan has never printed a more powerful article in his Commoner, or one that will do more solid good In the country than the command he sent forth to the party in his Issue of last week to put none but faithful Bryanltes on guard. We quote one shining passage: Do not allow a man to be placed upon any committee, precinct, county, state or National, unless he Is a believer in the Kansas Cuy platform. It a man opposed to the Kansas City platform Is sent as a delegate to any con vention, he should be bound by Instructions and should hae associated with him a sur flclent majority who are sound on. the platform. If a man objects to Instructions, leave h'm at home: no Democratic delegate will object ii an expression from the -voters whom he seeks to represent. From one point of view we can give this no higher praise than to say that it Is in Mr. Bryan's best vein. It is Intimately characteristic in snlrlt and nhrase. No other Democrat ever addressed such lan guage of command to his party. Jefferson did not. Tllden did not. Neither of those statesman and party chieftains ever felt that he was great enough or secure enough in the control of the organization to put on these Imperial airs. Mr. Bryan assumes the manner and adopts the very words of a ward boss giving orders to his ever-faithful heelers Just before conven tion time. He does not stoop to warning or argument. He commands and expects the party to obey. This is precisely the spirit in which he gave orders to the Kansas City convention about his platform. The Democracy of the country and the delegates to the con vention wanted a very different declara tion of principles. They had the gravest doubts as to the safety of a platform containing so much that the country had already once rejected. You must take my platform or you cannot .have me, said Mr. Bryan; I will be your candidate on no other. And the weak, cowardly, des pairing convention of a disorganized party took the platform, took Bryan and stum bled on to defeat and disgrace. Wo like these new orders of Bryan for the reason that It is altogether Improb able that the Democratic party will stand this sort ot thing from him. The impu dence of it from a person who has twice led the party to awful defeat Is unbear able. Already some of the Democrats who were very near to Bryan in both his cam paigns, who were his friends, his ardent supporters, his managers, have declared that a third nomination for him is out of the question. They will be confirmed in that view and countless other Democratic followers of the oracle of doom and death will be brought to their way of thinking by his command that every Democrat who has the hardihood to differ with him or who ventures to question his title to be regarded as the fountain head of doctrine and the perpetual candidate shall be "left at home" when convention delegates are chosen A small and strictly Bryanlte party would very well serve his selfish purpose of keeping himself before the country. It Is now his sole business to keep up the paying demand for his paper, his lectures, his books. That Is the way ho makes his living. But a majority of the Democratic party has now beyond question come to the point where It falls to see the neces sity that he should make a living at its expense. It will npt take orders for Its own destruction from W. J. Bryan. Therefore It Is In a high degree salutary that he should give such orders. It will the sooner make an end of him. North. American RevleTV. The North American Review for July opens with a long blank verse poem, "Polyphemus," by Alfred Austin, the En glish Poet Laureate. Sir Walter Besant Is represented by a posthumous essay on "The Burden of the Twentieth Cen tury;" Dr. Buckley attacks Mrs. Eddy's religion in an article entitled "The Ab surd Paradox of Christian Science;" G S. Street tells of the "Batting Book at Brooks's" .and quotes soma of the inter esting bets therein recorded; Cardinal Gibbons writes of "Catholic Christianity;" there Is a "symposium" on "Fre,gn Trade and National Prosperity." and contribu tions by Mr. Howells and others complete a. readable and Interesting number. PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRArHERS He I didn't pass an easy moment until I told you how much I loved you. "Nor I." -Life. There Are Many Liars. "The truth should not be spoken at all "times." "Don't worry; It isn't." Brooklyn Life. Father Well, my boy, any college debts? Son Nothlns. sir. but what, witn aiugence, economy and self-denial you tvIU bo able to pay. Glasgow Evenlntr Times. Almost Startling. "It seems strange that such an old man should be In loe with me." "Yes, doesn't It? Usually they are after some young girl." Detroit Free Press. An Unkind Cut. Tess Do you think the cut of my skirt pretty?. Jess Yes, indeed; very. Tess Do you, really? Jess Yes; I had two ilk that when they were the style. Philadel phia Press. Lured to His Fate "I'm encouraging Edgar to buy an automobile." "They cost a lot." "That's It; if he pays $1800 for the kind he wants he can't say economy to mo for quite a while." Chicago Record-Herald. Logic Maud When are they to be married? Ethel Never. Maud Never? And why so? Ethel She will not marry him until he has paid his debts, and he cannot pay his debts until she marries him. Fun. Tho Modern Version. "I gave a man my seat In the street-car this mornlnff," said the new woman. "How generous, dearl" murmured the husband. "And he never thanked me, the brutcl" concluded the new woman. Ohio State Journal. Polndexter's Suicide. "Is it -true that Mr. Pojrdexter has committed suicide?" asked Mlsa Fosdlck. "Yes, It's true," replied Hunk er. "I was an Intimate acquaintance, and " "Was there no other reason for "the deed?" interrupted the girl. Harlem Life. The Bright Side. "It Is said that lobsters will be extinct in 25 years," remarked Hl land. "Oh, well," replied Halket, who is very fond ot lobster, "let us not worry about it. Let us look on the bright side. "We may all die before that time." Pittsburg Chronicle- Telegraph. ' Blarsclllnlse. (From the French, by Roget de Lisle.) Ye sons of Freedom, wake to glory; Hark, hark, what myriads bid you Tlse! Your children, wives, and grandslres hoary Behold their tears and hear their cries I Shall hateful tyrants mischief breeding, "With hireling hosts, a ruffian band, Affright and desolate the land. While peace and liberty lie blcedlnsl To arms, to arms, ye brave l Th' avenging sword unsheathl March on! March on! All hearts resolved on victory or death! Now; now tho dangerous storm Is rolling, Which treacherous kings confederate raise; The dogs of war, let loose, are howling. And lo! our walls and cities blaze! And' shall we baeely view the ruin, -While lawless force with guilty stride. Spreads desolation far and wide. With crimes and blood his hands embrnlng? To arms, to arms, ye brave! Th' avenging sword unsheath! March on' March on! All hearts resoH ed on victory or death! With luxury and pride surrounded. Tho vile insatiate despots dare. Their thirst of geld and power unbounded, To mete and vend the light and air! Like beasts of burden they would lead us, Like gods would bid their slaves adore; But man Is man. and who 1 more? Then shall they longer lash and goad us? To arms, to arm-, ye brave! Th avenging- sword unsheath! March on! March on! All hearta resolved on victory or death! O Liberty! can man resign thee, Onco havlnsr felt thy generous flamo? Can dungeons' bolts and bars confine thee. Or whips thy noble spirit tarne? Too lonff the world has wept, bewailing That falsehood's dagger tyrants wield; But freedom Is our sword and shield, And all their arts are unavailing! To arms, to arms, ye brave! Th avenging sword unsheath! March on! March on! , All hearts resolved on victory or death! NOTE AND 'COMMENT. It begins to look as If that hot wave Is headed this way. Christmas is tho next station In the small boy's Itinerary. July seems to be dolnj up to its reputation. Its best to live The sad sea waves will now claim tho attention of people who do not have to work. A musical fish has been dlscovarod In Dower Cllfornia. Of course, It plays Its own scales. The consent of the governed has been given In the Philippines; now let us hear from Boston. If Explorer Baldwin discovers tho North Pole, now Is the time to build a Summer hotel around It And now wc shall hear the voice of tho man who gets annual, entertainment out of abusing the fireworks. J. P. Morgan spent only a trifle of $2. 000,000 on his European tour, so the col leges need not be alarmed. The heat has claimed so many victims that the Fourth of July mortality flgurea didn't look as appalling as usual. Let the thermometer remember that we are not ambitious to gro against tha temperature record established by our. sister states. We do not care for any more tropical possessions. What wo need right now is a colony about a hundred miles north of the northern coast of Labrador. Mr. Schwab Is looking for eight men -whom he can pay salaries of 525,000 a year. But men who can earn that much money usually can earn considerably) more in politics. The Denver correspondent who sent out the Government ownership of railroads story is about duo to evolve a dispatch to the effect that Emperor William, hasi been making a sensible speech. Professor Dexter, of tho University of( Illinois, who has studied the effect of' weather on morals, finds that tho deslro to fight rises with the thermometer, buti( stops at 83; wilts after that as the mercury rises. Assault cases are therefore common er In Summer than In Winter. Drunken ness, however, lessens with Summer and increases with the coming of cold. Sui cides are at a maximum on bright days with a high barometer, and Increase as the wind rises. A young tenor singer of London was asked recently at a "smoker" to favor the company with a song. He gave .a ,very fair rendering of the onco popular "Happy Be Thy Dreams," but did not aspirate the letter "h" once. When he finished he resumed his seat, which was next to one occupied by a bald-headed old man, who bluntly remarked: "You have a good voice, young man, but you didn't sound ono single 'h and the song's full of 'em." "I beg your pardon, sir," retorted the vo calist with dignity, "you are mistaken; It doesn't go any higher than Gl" President Eliot, of Harvard University, has expressed his disapproval of the man ner in which students are initiated into the secret societies of the university. "I think it very desirable," he said, "that all such initiations bo wholly done away with. They are entirely inconsistent with the present conditions and standards of stu dent life. The complete abolition of such transmitted follies, must, however, pro ceed from the students themselves. Tho university should exercise Its Influence steadily with the students to abolish these practices, and the best Influence that It can exert is that exerted by its officers and friends." f Rev. Dr. Harcourt, of Reading, Pa., who. "has done considerable in ths line of Inno vations lately, and been a good deal In the newspapers. Is now to havo electrio fans in his church so that people cannot have the excuse to stay away from church because it is too hot The Reading Her ald Is afraid soma will not like It, and still find as a reason for staying away that they could never stand a draft It thinks, however, that the Inventiveness of Dr. Harcourt may. be depended on to circumvent any objections that may bo entered against his latest scheme. If there are any doubts as to its efficiency, ho may tear down the fans and cool his church with Iced air. I know jf young New York couple not too well endowed with the dross that makes people great, mere currency, who pinch in town all Winter in order to ba able to spend five months at "Maple) Court," their "country seat," near Rhlne cllffe, relates "Victor Smith. Tho most important article of household use that they take along Is a box of s most fashionable stationery. The paper beara the crest and monogram of milord and milady, built in colored Inks upon costly dies, and, of course, "Maple Court, Rhlnecllffe-on-Kennebec." To receive a letter from these worthy people on this paper fills one with notions of ducal es tates, retinues, game preserves, tradi tions, etc. But, as a solemn fact they pay $400 rental for a simply furnished barn about two miles from the river, whero they have, besides the furniture, one ser-vant-of-all-work and two bicycles. But they make a show at a distance and their happiness is complete. In the late Autumn, In town, friends Inquire, "Where have you been all Summer?" "Oh, at Maple Court, as usual. .Next year you must run up and spend a month." Mayor Morse, of Emporia, Kan., askeI the editors of Emporia papers recently t refrain from publishing details of suicides He said that the publication of such de tails had caused an epidemic of suicides In that communlttsr in the last two years He had consulted with the Board of Health,- and thought that If the papers would not comply with his request he had a right to stop summarily the publi cation of suicide details under a law pro viding for the suppression of epidemics. "If the paper," he said, "on which these local papers were printed had been kept In a place infected with smallpox, I could demand that the papers quit using tha paper or stop publication. If they spread! another contagion, tfhe contagious suggest tlon of suicide, I believe the liberty of the press Is not to be considered before thp public welfare and that the courts would) sustain me in using force to prevent thf publication of papers containing mattei clearly deleterious to the public health. "However, no such steps need be taken. Mr. White, of the Gazette; Mr. Strong, of the Republican, and Mr. Yearout of tho Times, are in sympathy with me in this movement, and will suppress the details I ot suicides until the epidemic subsides."